Second+Period+AF+Allegory


 * Allegory Comparison Chart **


 * __Directions__**: Orwell's novel //Animal Farm// is an allegory, as we discussed. While on the surface level, it is about pigs and other animals and their revolt against human masters on their farm, there is another symboloic level in which almost all characters and scenes symbolize true figures and events from the communist era in Russia/ USSR (or at least Orwell's perspective of them), beginning with the Russian Revolution up through the end of WWII. The goal is to individually research one assigned individual, group or event from the novel, and then post in the allotted space in the chart below your explanation of **the similarity between the item from the novel and what you learn about Russian history**.


 * **Russian Revolution/ Soviet Communism ** || **Animal Farm Character/ Event ** ||
 * **Look up “Czar Nicholas II” and list some characteristics of him during his reign. How, why and when did his reign end?

Czar Nicholas II was also called Nicholas the Bloody because there were three incidents where many of his people died. Czar Nicholas the II had the Russians revolt against him and he was overthrown. ** || **Which character most resembles Czar Nicholas II? What are the similarities?

Jones is similar to the Czar because Jones would mistreat the animals and eventually they rebelled against Jones and he was kicked out of the farm. ** ||
 * **Karl Marx is often credited as the Father of Communism. Why? What did he do? And what are the central communist beliefs/goals? **

Karl Marx was considered a communist because his ideas were so related to communism. They are much related modern day communism. Marx's ideas were against capitalism. He said they would increase tension in a society and lead to destruction. Karl Marx believed socialism would replace capitalism to make a classless, stateless society which would lead to pure capitalism. He found that capitalism had contradictions within its guidelines, and endorsed the idea of socialism in Prussia (Germany). || **Which character most resembles Karl Marx, and in what way does Animalism resemble communism?

The character that most represents Karl Marx in Animal Farm is Snowball. Snowball wanted to make all the animals on the farm equal, and no animals had a class. Animalism can be seen as communism because each and every animal is as equal in class as each person is under communism. ** ||
 * **Look up “Vladimir Lenin.” Who was he, and what was his role in the Russian Revolution?

Vladimir Lenin was a Russian leader whose main goal throughout his rule was to establish communism in Russia. He played many major roles in the Russian Revolution. For one, he was the leader of the Bolsheviks, the people who were going against the Czar. The Czar were not for communism, so that was why Lenin was trying to destroy them. The other role he played was in the Red and White war. Lenin lead a massive campaign, called the Reign of Terror. This was where two large arrests and killings of people who were anti-communist happened. Lenin was clearly very set on what he wanted for Russia. ** || **Which character most closely resembles Lenin? Why?

 Lenin relates to Old Major. His main goal was to enforce Animalism, just as Lenin's was to establish communism. Old Major did not like to see people get hurt, but he had to do what was done to get what he wanted. When Lenin leads the massive Reign of Terror, I think this signifies Napoleon. He is also somewhat leading Animalism, and he has a mass killing of people who weren't obeying the rules. ** ||
 * **Look up “Leon Trotsky.” Who was he, and what was his leadership role in the Russian Revolution? Why did he leave Russia?

Leon Trotsky was part of the Bolshevik Revolution and was the 'co-captain' of the revolution, in first place being Lenin. Trotsky worked to organize the Underground South Russian Workers' Union. He left Russia, but it was more by force. He was sent to Siberia because of his ridiculous revolutionary acts but ended up escaping. ** || **Which character most resembles Leon Trotsky? How? What are the similarities? **

Leon Trotsky resembles Snowball. Trotsky was very smart and wanted to use his ideas to help Russia, however, Stalin saw him as a threat and banished him. Trotsky was sort of second leader in the revolution, and Snowball was second behind Napoleon. In Animal Farm, Napoleon, the new leader, sees Snowball as a threat to his power. For that reason, Napoleon banishes him or has him taken away. This is almost the exact situation as what happened in Russia, so therefore, Leon Trotsky resembles Snowball in Animal Farm. ||  Some major events during the February Revolution are on February 22, 1917 Nicholas II leaves Petrograd to visit troops on the front, on February 23 It was women's day, on the 24 Massive strikes and demonstrations continue in the capital. || **<span style="color: #261c1c; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Which events in the novel might symbolize this February Revolution? Describe similarities.
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Look up the “February Revolution.” What were the major events and outcomes marking this phase of the Russian Revolution? **

When Nicholas leaves to visit the front is when Napoleon goes to visit the animal at the battle of cowshed. ** || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">__[]__ ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Which character delivers messages to Animal Farm that serve as exaggerations of the communist propaganda? What are the similarities? ** || <span style="color: #e41b1b; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stalin came to power a little after Lenin's Death in 1924. At first, Stalin joined up with Kamenev, and Zinoviev and governed against Trotsky and Bukharin. Later though, Stalin left Kamenev and Zinoviev and joined with Bukharin. In 1928 Stalin's supremacy was complete. He had control now over the country and destroyed everyone who opposed his rule. Stalin then was the dictator of the Soviet Union for about 25 years. He frequently lied and committed murders. In order to increase productivity Stalin organized giant farms controlled by the government. He took land away from peasants and sent them to prison camps if they protested. He created a Five Year Plan that would improve the production of coal, steel, and power. His plan was successful, but the workers were treated like slaves and received little reward. Because everyone was so afraid of him, they did not challenge him and he remained in power until his death. ** || ** How does Napoleon the pig possibly represent Stalin? Also, look up the name Napoleon Bonaparte—what characteristics does the pig share with this other leader as well? <span style="color: #e41b1b; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The communist government in Russia used a lot of propaganda such as Pravda. Read through the information at this site and make notes on key ideas in the space below:
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Look up Joseph Stalin. How did he come to power? How did he rule? What were his major goals for Russia?

Napoleon represents Stalin because they both are rulers that started out good, but then ended up being harmful to the citizens of the country/farm. Napoleon also represents the way that Stalin treated the people, and the type of government that was used to "control" the people (or animals). Napoleon Bonaparte has some similarities as Napoleon, in Animal Farm. For example, Napoleon and Napoleon Bonaparte both were feared rulers. They wanted power, and liked to control everything. Napoleon, Stalin, and Napoleon Bonaparte all wanted power, and the ability to control all of the people (or animals). They all came across as harsh to the people and were feared rulers. ** || The secret police were a group of people that first called themselves "Cheka". The secret police were to enforce the rules of Joseph Stalin. It was first established in 1917. The secret police, "Cheka", was to investigate "counterrevolutionary crimes". The secret police became feared, for always killing people for so called "crimes". **
 * **<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Look up “Russian secret police” or browse through this article and take notes answering what tactics these police forces used in protecting the communist/socialist government:

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">__[|**http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/secr.html**]__ || **<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Which character or group of characters in the novel most closely resembles the secret police, and what are the similarities? **

**The secret police most likely resemble the dogs, because the dogs always follow Napoleon, and protect him "from harm". The Cheka protect Joseph Stalin from "counterrevolutionary crimes", and the dogs kill animals for "dealing with snowball". They are also similar because they always follow their leader no matter what the circumstances.** || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">An opiate is something that dulls, blinds, or desensitizes. Lenin and Marx believed that religion was the “Opium of the People.” Marx and Lenin believed that religion could be manipulated by other humans to control people. They claimed that Czar Nicolas had manipulated other people by saying that he was the “protector” of the church. Marx and Lenin said that Nicolas used his religious power over the church as a way to increase his political power. || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The only character in the novel with a religious name is “Moses” the raven. What promises does he make the animals, and how might they symbolize religion of the type Lenin and Marx warned against? ** In Animal Farm, Moses promises the animals that there is a place called Sugar Candy Mountain where they will go to when they die. Napoleon and Snowball were angry with this and told the animals not to believe a word of Moses' teachings. Just as Napoleon and Snowball warned the animals about the bad affects of believing in Sugar Candy Mountain, Marx and Lenin warned the RUssians of believing in Christianity. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">The October Revolution was an occurrence in 1917 in which the Provisional Government was destroyed by the Bolshevik soviets. The Bolsheviks used their influence to build an army. However, many people didn’t obey their new Bolshevik rulers. Because of this, a Russian civil war began between the Bolsheviks and their opponents. The Russian civil war raged for 6 long years between 1917 and 1923. The people currently in power, the Bolsheviks fought all of their opponents. While their opponents or the White Army outnumbered the Bolsheviks greatly, their many different forces were not unified and unorganized. Most of the fighting took place between 1918 and 1920, in which the Bolsheviks gained much land and had many victories. General Anatoly Pepelyayev of the White Army did not surrender until his forces were defeated on the Pacific coast in 1923. || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">What event in the novel probably symbolizes this final phase of the revolution that sealed the Bolshevik power? ** The Battle of the Windmill symbolizes the final phase of the October Revolution almost exactly. After The Battle of the Windmill, Napoleon and the pigs, representing the Bolsheviks had no opposition. ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">**Lenin and Marx both felt that religion could be abused to mislead people. Read the opening paragraphs at the following link and take some notes below:** [|**http://ancientdays.net/opiate.htm**]
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Look up the October Revolution, and describe the events of that phase and of the civil war below. **
 * <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">** Look up Stalin’s five-year plans, and note their major goals and consequences in the space below: **

Stalin's five-year plans all had the main goal of developing the Soviet Union. This development came in the form of resources, consumer goods, transportation, agriculture, education, and more. In addition, Stalin wanted to make the society-- full of illiterate people and peasants-- an advanced society with an industrialized economy. The hardships of achieving these goals were tolerated by the workers because they [thought they] knew that the end result was going to turn out well. || **<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">How do Napoleon’s two-year plans to build the windmill resemble Stalin’s plans? What might the windmill represent?

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">Napoleon's two-year plans are very similar to Stalin's five-year plans in that they both were created in hopes of changing an illiterate that is looked down upon into a very successful society. In addition, the workers in both cases did not seem to care-- or even realize-- the horrible treatment that they were given; they just wanted to work as hard as possible for the result. The windmill itself could represent the factories that were built in the first five-year plan. ** ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Look up the Great Purge. Describe this series of events under Stalin’s reign:

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">In the 1930s, Joseph Stalin planned a purge to execute those fighting for power in Russia-The Bolsheviks and the Red Army. Stalin's army would interrogate those known to be registered Bolsheviks or a part of of the Red Army. Many towns were destroyed, millions of people were killed or sent into concentration camps and women were raped because Stalin feared being thrown over. ** || **<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">What event in the novel represents the Great Purge, and what are the similarities?

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">The execution of the various animals who admitted to being followers of Snowball. The similarities are Napoleon and his fear of the animals not following him and the animals being scared into admitting something they didn't want to admit. ** || <span style="color: #e41b1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The pact Hitler and Stalin made was called the Treaty of Non-Agression. It was a truce between Germany and the Soviet Union (Russia). The treaty also divided Europe into German and Russian groups influence || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Which character from which farm in the novel most likely symbolizes Hitler, and what “deal” or pact did this character make with Napoleon? ** The character that most symbolizes Hitler is Mr. Pilkington. The deal Mr. Pilkington was to trade lumber for money and call a somewhat truce for that time. || Hitler broke the pact by invading the Soviet Union even though he was strongly advised not too. || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Similarly, how did this character break the pact he formed with Napoleon? **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">What pact did Hitler form with Stalin during WWII? Name and describe it below: **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">How did Hitler ultimately break or betray this pact with Stalin? **

Mr. Pilkington terminated the deal by collecting the lumber and handing a bunch of counterfit dollar bills then driving off as fast as he could. || <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[|**http://www.2worldwar2.com/leaders.htm**] Russia changed their name three times. It went from Russia to USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republic) and then back to Russia.The relationship between Russia and Britain was good. In the article it says he "had a good alliance with the U.S.". The U.S. helped the Russians and Winston Churchill out during war. Lenin's Body is located in the Lenin Mausoleum in Red Sqaure in Moscow. People can walk into the building and see his body. They orginally planned to freeze his body, but while they were building a freezer, his body began to decay. So, instead, they tried an untested embalming process.Stalin use \d to lay next to Lenin, but he was finally buried in 9161. || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">What character or farm from the novel might represent Britain and/or the US, and why?
 * <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What was the relationship between Russia and Britain (under Winston Churchill’s leadership) and the US (under Franklin Delanoe Roosevelt)? **

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> Animal Farm also changed their name three times. It started from the Manor Farm, then the animals changed it to Animal Farm, and then the pigs changed it back to Manor Farm. The relationship between Animal Farm and Pilkington Farm is similar to the relationship between Russia and Britain because Pilkington Farm had a good alliance with Animal Farm at the end. ||